This is the first chapter of Stage 3. Stage 3 covers hardware and computer architecture. Earlier stages showed that a system runs on limited resources. They also showed that the kernel schedules ru...

The previous chapter showed how a CPU works. It fetches instructions, reads registers, and runs work through a pipeline. It runs independent operations out of order and predicts branches. This chap...

The previous chapter showed how to read cycles, instructions, IPC, branch misses, and cache counters to spot a slowdown. This chapter explains the memory behavior behind those numbers. It is the th...

Stage 2 : Linux and Operating System Internals Subject area 2.1 : The Operating System Model Article 4 The short version A process does not just exit when its work is done. It can also be told...

Stage 2 : Linux and Operating System Internals Subject area 2.1 : The Operating System Model Article 3 The short version A process is one running copy of a program. It owns its own memory, its...

Stage 2 : Linux and Operating System Internals Subject area 2.1 : The Operating System Model Article 5 The short version Linux shows a lot of its live state through interfaces that look like f...

Stage 2 : Linux and Operating System Internals Subject area 2.1 : The Operating System Model Article 6 The short version Linux gives you three ways to describe a running system: time, name, an...

Stage 2 : Linux and Operating System Internals Subject area 2.2 : Scheduling and Resource Control Article 7 The short version A machine may have a few CPUs but many threads that want to run. T...

Stage 2 : Linux and Operating System Internals Subject area 2.1 : The Operating System Model Article 1 The short version An operating system is the software layer that runs the hardware and gi...

Stage 2 : Linux and Operating System Internals Subject area 2.1 : The Operating System Model Article 2 The short version A system call is a set way for a program to ask the kernel to do someth...